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Securing Website Communication with HTTPS

Understanding the Importance and Inner Workings

Introduction

  • HTTPS is crucial for secure communication
  • Plain text communication is vulnerable to interception
  • HTTPS encrypts data to protect it from unauthorized access
  • Extension of the HTTP protocol

Plain Text Vulnerability

  • Without HTTPS, browser-server communication is in plain text
  • Sensitive information like passwords can be read by interceptors
  • HTTPS prevents unauthorized access to user data
  • Data sent over the internet becomes unreadable

TLS Handshake Steps

  • Step 1: Establish TCP connection between browser and server
  • Step 2: Browser sends client hello message with TLS version and encryption algorithms
  • Server responds with chosen version and encryption keys
  • Step 3: Client and server exchange encryption keys
  • Step 4: Secure bidirectional channel established for data communication

Symmetric vs Asymmetric Encryption

  • Symmetric encryption uses the same key for encryption and decryption
  • Asymmetric encryption is computationally expensive but secure
  • Asymmetric encryption used to exchange symmetric session key
  • TLS 1.3 no longer supports RSA for key exchange

TLS Versions and Optimization

  • TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.3 explained
  • TLS 1.3 reduces network round trips for handshake
  • TLS 1.3 is widely supported by major browsers
  • Optimization of TLS 1.3 improves efficiency

Key Exchange Methods

  • RSA used for secure session key exchange in TLS 1.2
  • Diffie-Hellman (Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange) more common in TLS 1.3
  • Diffie-Hellman allows secure key exchange without transmitting public key
  • Mathematical derivation of shared session key

Conclusion

  • HTTPS is essential for secure website communication
  • Encrypts data to prevent unauthorized interception
  • TLS handshake and encryption algorithms ensure secure transmission
  • TLS 1.3 optimization improves efficiency
  • Multiple key exchange methods available

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