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The Evolution of Atomic Models

From the Plum Pudding Model to the Bohr Model

Introduction

  • Chemical substances can be broken down into atoms
  • Atoms of different elements have different weights
  • Discoveries of electrons and their negative charge
  • Plum Pudding Model proposed by Jj j Thompson

Rutherford's Nuclear Model

  • Ernest Rutherford proposed a small dense positively charged nucleus
  • Electrons circulate at a distance like planets around the sun
  • Plum pudding model proved incorrect
  • Significance of Rutherford's model in understanding atomic structure

The Bohr Model

  • Niels Bohr's model for the hydrogen atom
  • Central nucleus with protons, neutrons, and electrons in circular orbitals
  • Electron shells or energy levels
  • Quantum theory incorporated in the Bohr Model

The Octet Rule and Lewis Diagrams

  • Octet Rule: Atoms are more stable with 8 electrons in their outermost shell
  • Lewis Diagrams: Simplified representation of electron configuration in the Bohr Model
  • Electrons fill lowest energy shell first, followed by higher energy shells
  • How to draw a Lewis Diagram step by step

Mini Quiz

  • Test your knowledge by drawing Bohr and Lewis Diagrams
  • Questions for drawing diagrams of different elements
  • Reinforce understanding of atomic structure and electron configuration

Conclusion

  • Recap the key points discussed in the presentation
  • Highlight the importance of understanding atomic models
  • Invite questions and suggestions from the audience

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