Rebuilding the Mammoth Step: A Journey into the Past

Exploring the ecological impact and potential of Place to Scene Park

Slide1: Introduction

  • Twenty five thousand years ago, the Earth experienced a new ice age.
  • The mammoth step, a vast bio, dominated the landscape.
  • This bio supported a diverse animal community mirroring Africa's savannah.
  • The mammoth step covered approximately 10% of Earth's land area.
  • Fifteen thousand years ago, the mammoth step began to disappear.
  • Scientists are now working on bringing back the mammoth step for ecological restoration.
  • Understanding the cause of its disappearance is crucial for this restoration project.

Slide2: Climate Change Hypothesis

  • The climate change hypothesis suggests that rising temperatures transformed the mammoth step.
  • As global temperatures increased, forests replaced grasslands, reducing grazing grounds.
  • This created a domino effect, leading to the extinction of many species.
  • However, this hypothesis has flaws and does not explain why the mammoth step disappeared suddenly.

Slide3: Hunting Hypothesis

  • The hunting hypothesis proposes that humans played a significant role in the extinction of the mammoth step.
  • As humans migrated across the planet, they encountered the naive megafauna of the mammoth step.
  • Unaware of the danger humans posed, megafauna populations declined due to hunting.
  • This led to an imbalance in the ecosystem, allowing forests to encroach on grasslands.

Slide4: Evidence of Human Impact

  • Observations from different regions support the hunting hypothesis.
  • In Africa, the arrival of humans led to a gradual decline in megafauna populations.
  • Similar patterns of population crash were observed in regions like Australia and North America.
  • The expansion of humans was likely the catalyst for the extinction of megafauna.

Slide5: Introducing Place to Scene Park

  • Place to Scene Park aims to restore the diversity and productivity of the mammoth step.
  • Reintroducing large grazing animals is key to recreating this ecosystem.
  • The park began with the introduction of horses, followed by musk ox, European bison, and other species.
  • The presence of these animals has already begun to transform the landscape.

Slide6: Impact on Climate Change

  • The Mammoth Step has the potential to combat climate change.
  • Grasslands act as effective carbon sinks, storing carbon in the soil.
  • Expanding the step bio across northern Eurasia can increase carbon sequestration.
  • This restoration project can help mitigate the effects of climate change.

Slide7: Protecting Frozen Perm

  • The project also aims to protect frozen perm deposits in the arctic.
  • Warming temperatures threaten to release methane, a potent greenhouse gas, from these deposits.
  • The presence of animals in the park helps maintain the stability of perm by tramming the snow.
  • This prevents the penetration of warm air and reduces the risk of methane release.

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